J.L. Mackie’s argument from relativity is an argument against moral realism. Or, to frame it the other way round, it’s…
In Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals, Immanuel Kant argues that morality can be derived from reason. According to Kant,…
In a sentence, the zombies argument aims to show that consciousness is non-physical by showing that it is possible to…
The venn diagram below illustrates how the definitions of knowledge debate works – we’re trying to provide the necessary and…
The veil of perception is the idea that we do not perceive the external world directly. Instead, we are only…
The technical definition of intentionality is something like: the property of mental states (e.g. thoughts, beliefs, desires, hopes) which consists…
Ockham’s Razor is an abductive reasoning principle. In other words, it’s a form of reasoning that says something is likely…
Global scepticism is such a classic of epistemology that it’s made its way into popular culture with films like The…
In An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, David Hume applies his empiricist philosophy to a fundamental concept in metaphysics and science:…
In philosophy, modality is the study of possibility and necessity – of what is true, what could be true, and…